Abstract
The current stage of development of soil science is characterized by the intensive development of the energy-thermodynamic approach and the solution of theoretical and methodological issues that are directly related to the problem of assessing the energetics of soil formation. The article analyzes the influence of components of the geographical environment as factors of soil formation potential, highlights the features of the formation of various types of energy costs and energy balance during soil formation, and presents the energy and thermodynamic characteristics of carbonate soil-forming rocks and soils of the Western region of Ukraine. Based on energy and thermodynamic indicators (crystal lattice energy, Gibbs free energy and entropy), the ability to intensive soil formation and the suitability for biological development is determined by the characteristics of the studied soil-forming rocks, such as: eluvium of Turonian-Senonian deposits of writing chalk, eluvium of Turonian-Senonian deposits of chalk marls, eluvium of lithothamnian limestones of the Upper Badenian, eluvium of chemogenic limestones of the Upper Badenian, eluvium of clotted limestones of the Upper Badenian. The highest values of crystal lattice energy are characterized by short-profile and full-profile Rendzinas on eluvium of clotted limestones of the Upper Badenian within the Roztochchya-Opilya Upland Region. Significant reserves of internal energy in these soils are due primarily to the highest values of the energy of the crystal lattice of the soil-forming rocks on which they were formed. The lowest values of thermodynamic characteristics are observed in poorly developed and short-profile Rendzinas (Rendzic Leptosols, WRB) within the Voronyaky natural district of the Western Podilsky upland region, formed on the eluvium of Turonian-Senonian deposits of Cretaceous marl. Therefore, significant variability of internal energy in rendzins is due to the influence of various carbonate soil-forming rocks. The proposed results of the study of soil-forming energetics are extremely relevant, as they contribute to a scientifically substantiated solution to one of the most important problems of modern soil science, optimization of the level of soil safety management and reproduction of their potential fertility. Key words: energy-thermodynamic approach; soil formation potential; carbonate soil-forming rocks and soils; potential fertility.
Published Version
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