The use of recycled metal in dentistry: Evaluation of mechanical properties of titanium waste recasting

Abstract

Environmental concerns are increasing rapidly, and the public and industry are concerned about natural resources. The products are produced to meet the customer's demand as to quality. However, today it is equally important to take into account cost, ecological factors in production and recycling of products. The same way, the dentistry must contribution with a recasting the alloys used to rehabilitation oral. This study evaluated the effect of the condition of Ti (as-received and re-cast) on its mechanical properties, microstructure and fractography. Castings ( n = 6) with Ti in the as-received and once recast condition were made in a centrifugal casting machine using a high-purity argon gas. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS), proportional limit (PL) and elongation (EL) of the as-received specimens were evaluated in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The fractured specimens were polished down for Vicker's microhardness (VHN) measurement (100 g/15 s) from 25 μm below the cast surface, then at depths of 50, 100, 200 and 500 μm. The microstructures of the alloys were also revealed. Scanning electron microscopy fractography was undertaken for the fractured surfaces after testing. The data from the mechanical tests and hardness were subjected to the Student's t-test and two-way repeated measures ANOVA, respectively. Tukey's test was used for pairwise comparison ( α = 0.05). Higher UTS, PL and VHN and lower EL were observed for recast cp Ti. The microstructure was not influenced by recasting, but the mode of fracture was. The use of the recasting procedure can lower the costs of cp Ti castings and can be safely in dentistry.