Abstract
Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a noninvasive clinical test that provides quantification for the stiffness of both the aorta and peripheral arteries by measuring the brachial and tibial arterial wave velocities. The temporal pattern of baPWV values during aging was investigated in this paper. A gradual increase in baPWV with respect to age was observed, suggesting an increase in the stiffness of arterial vessels as age increases. The ΔbaPWV value, defined as the absolute value of the difference between bilateral baPWV, also showed a positive correlation with aging. Many underlying physiological conditions such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperglycemia have previously been shown to elevate baPWV and contribute to the decline of arterial function. The effect of factors including biological sex, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels on the baPWV temporal pattern were also investigated. Between the ages of 18 and 50, men in the study had significantly higher baPWV readings than females of comparable age on average. However, after the age of 50, mean baPWV values increased at a greater rate in females than in males. In addition, blood pressure and blood glucose were shown to be associated with baPWV values. The results will improve existing prediction models for future cardiovascular episodes induced by arterial hardening in different age groups.
Highlights
The incidence of cardiovascular diseases, and their associated social and economic consequences, is currently on the rise throughout the globe
As a result, disrupted calcium metabolism in old age hastens the stiffening of arterial vessels, leading to higher Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) readings and greater risk of experiencing an adverse cardiovascular event as age increases [24]
Utilizing electronic medical records derived from the Shuguang Hospital in Shanghai, China, between March 2018 and February 2019, a cross-sectional study was performed to assess the agerelated temporal pattern of baPWV and bilateral baPWV values ranging from young adults to the elderly
Summary
The incidence of cardiovascular diseases, and their associated social and economic consequences, is currently on the rise throughout the globe. According to the latest report from the American Heart Association, approximately 3 million deaths were attributed to cardiovascular disease in the United States alone and is the leading cause of death [1]. Approximately 17.8 million deaths were attributed to cardiovascular disease, and as a result of aging populations, it is expected to continue increasing [1]. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was introduced as an economical measurement for evaluating the mechanical state of the wall of arteries, usually referred as “arterial stiffness,” or rigidity of the arterial wall. It is a noninvasive clinical test that provides quantification for the stiffness of both the aorta and peripheral artery by measuring brachial and tibial arterial waves [6, 7].
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