THE TEMPORAL ORDER CATEGORY IN THE FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTIC TEMPORALITY FIELD

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to present the patterns of functioning of the temporal order category in the functional-semantic temporality field. The object of the study is language means that fix the movement of time in a real communicative process. The subject of this research is the ratio of grammatical and lexical indicators of the temporal order category, highlighted in the latest research in the field of functional linguistics. The material for the study is the text of A. P. Chekhov’s story “The Bride” (1903). In the process of studying, a descriptive method, methods of semantic, grammatical (morphological and syntactic) and functional analysis are used. As a result of the work carried out, the specificity of the category of temporal order was considered, which is well revealed when considered within the framework of the functional-semantic field of temporality. Conclusions. Temporal order is a functional-semantic text category, the implementation of which occurs in the structuring of the means of expressing temporality. It provides the dynamics of the action, process, state, being a kind of “engine” of the text in time terms under the influence of the given / new dichotomy. The specifiers of the category of temporal order, along with temporal relations and the expression of the exact / approximate dichotomy, additionally convey cause-and-effect relations that actualize the semantic attribute “the emergence of a new situation”, and some other relations. The temporal order category actively participates in the development of the storyline of the narrative.