Abstract
Hygroscopic finishing materials can be used to moderate indoor humidity levels; they have the capacity to adsorb and release moisture from and to the surrounding air, depending on the indoor relative humidity levels. To determine the moisture buffering properties of materials several protocols have been introduced. However, testing procedures are based on a time-response method, where humidity variations are under a square wave function and temperature remains constant. Therefore, the ability of these methods to simulate material behaviour under real conditions, where cyclical humidity variations are more gradual, and temperature is variable, has been called into question. The aim of this study is to perform a standard moisture buffering test, by substituting the step-variation method, with a sinusoidal humidity function at different temperatures. Clay has been used to perform the tests in a climatic chamber, where a small increase of relative humidity have been set, in order to obtain a quasi-sinusoidal curve. The relative humidity variation are limited by low humidity (33% RH) and high humidity (75% RH) and temperature variation between 18 °C and 28 °C. Materials tested present a lag in the response to the peak relative humidity to peak mass gain, which suggests an alternative way to consider the rate of sorption and the moisture storage function. The significance of the paper is to develop a laboratory test that can be more readily compared with the behaviour real buildings, which operate under more of a sine waveform
Highlights
Modern buildings have been made more air tight and highly insulated, to reduce heat losses
This paper presents a new approach to measure moisture buffering in a laboratory scale testing, where Relative Humidity (RH) follows a sinusoidal variation function and the effect of temperature on moisture buffering is considered
The new moisture buffering method used as foundation the NORDTEST protocol [3]
Summary
Modern buildings have been made more air tight and highly insulated, to reduce heat losses. Such buildings reduce the air and moisture exchange between the indoor and outdoor, influencing negatively occupant health and well-being. Arundel et al [1] explained that RH levels below 40% and above 60% influence thermal comfort and increase risks of exposure to bacteria, viruses and mould spore. Mechanical devices, such as air conditioning systems, are commonly used to solve this problem and maintain optimal RH levels. There are concerns about noise production, costs and energy consumption [2]
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