The residential area for mountain elevation settlements choice with the given structural features of the houses

Abstract

The article on the basis of the analysis of the spatial and architectural-design solution of the buildings, an attempt is made to generalize the practice of design and construction of residential buildings in the complex relief and to develop appropriate recommendations for their use in various conditions of complicated relief.The design of the unique mountain relief whenever requires an individual approach, which takes into account the identification meet the specific conditions of aesthetic expression of building settlements.On the basis of studying domestic and foreign design the evaluation of the typology of residential buildings erected on difficult terrain. The issue discusses of special application design solutions in residential buildings with respect to different relief situations. To evaluate the relationship between urban spaces with the surrounding landscape and favorable climate, topography, allowed us to establish an open and semi-enclosed planning structure of residential development, which established the following preferred typological principles of design:radiation rectangular layout structure with the tracing of the street network from an oblique angle in the direction of relief for uniform ventilation of all highways and streets;providing taking into account the orographic situation of the relief justified the special linear highways and boulevards of the ducts;when planning planning-spatial composition of buildings on slopes it is advisable to use the lower part of the slope at the production and warehouse area, medium - under public service, and the upper one for residential development and landscaping;on slopes with high inclination, the main use of slope powerful anabatic and katabatic winds to plan the placement of residential and industrial zones so that the slope winds to every zones was directed perpendicularly;the optimal placement of buildings and development make efficient use of stock and valley winds; the terraced building and the cascade building on the slopes of the streamlined shape.On the basis of the comparison space planning and architectural and design solutions five characteristic types of buildings (house on "chicken legs", cantilever house, terraced house, deep house, house-bridge), erected on difficult relief determined the scope of their application under different conditions of complexity is a relief space.The recommendations were developed allowing designers to choose the most suitable type of house with the appropriate structural frameworks for optimal decision making in the design of residential development in the mountainous relief.