Cовременные требования по противопожарной защите многоквартирных жилых зданий с применением конструкций из перекрестноклееной древесины

Abstract

Introduction. Widespread and effective introduction of cross-laminated timber structures into construction of residential buildings substantiates the need to develop modern requirements for the design of fire protection systems for these buildings to limit the spread of fire, ensure safe evacuation and rescue of people from these buildings, increase the effectiveness of firefighters performing rescue operations and fire suppression, and optimize the cost of space-planning and design solutions. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the article is to substantiate modern requirements for the design of fire protection systems of residential buildings having not more than four storeys, if their structures are made of cross-laminated timber, and to develop engineering solutions to implement these requirements in compliance with provisions of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ “Technical regulations on fire safety requirements” (hereinafter — No. 123-FZ). Methods. An analytical method is used to substantiate and formulate requirements for the design of fire protection systems for residential buildings whose structures are made of cross-laminated timber, as well as the engineering solutions needed to implement these requirements for buildings having up to 4 floors in compliance with provisions of No. 123-FZ, the design experience, results of ire resistance and fire hazard testing of building structures and analysis of the influence of the fire resistance factor of building structures on human safety in case of fire. Results. The results of the work, if integrated into standards of corporate entities and codes of practice, allow for the mass construction of residential buildings having structures made of cross-laminated timber. Conclusions. This research project substantiated modern fire safety requirements for space-planning and design solutions, fire resistance limits and fire hazard classes of cross-laminated timber structures of residential buildings, as well as requirements for emergency exits and evacuation routes, composition of active fire protection systems and the functional efficiency of these systems. The results of the work allow for the mass construction of 4-storey residential buildings whose structures are made of cross-laminated timber.