Abstract
Parking restrictions can affect the use of cars and become an effective means to promote the sustainable development of urban traffic. To understand the influencing factors of car owners giving up driving due to parking constraints, the research constructs a theoretical model of psychological decision process about giving up driving under parking constraints, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and taking the public transit perception as a mediating variable, considering psychological factors. The empirical data were used to verify and modify the model by the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method, and finally the model was determined. The result shows that the choice of travel mode under the constraint of parking berth is not only affected by individual social and economic attributes and travel mode characteristics, but also by psychological latent variables such as behavioral attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior control, public transportation perception and behavior intention. The subjective norms of car owners about giving up driving have a positive effect on perceived behavioral control and behavioral attitude; perceived behavior control also has an effect on behavior attitude; the behavior attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavior control all have positive effects on the behavior intention of giving up driving due to parking constraints, among which public transit perception plays a positive adjustable intermediary role. The Integration of Choice and Latent Variable (ICLV) model considering psychological latent variables has a higher fitting degree to empirical data than the traditional Multinomial Logit (MNL) model. Based on the analysis results, some suggestions for auxiliary measures to implement the optimization strategy of parking supply are put forward.
Highlights
The rapid development of urban traffic motorization has brought about a series of social problems such as urban traffic congestion, excessive energy consumption and ecological environment damage
It showed that the parking supply in the central area of the city limited car using, and reasonable parking berth supply could lead car owners to change their way of travel to a certain extent
It can be seen that when the time for seeking a parking space is more than 15 min, or the walking distance after parking is more than 400 m, or the whole parking time is more than 20 min, about 80% of the population will choose to give up driving
Summary
The rapid development of urban traffic motorization has brought about a series of social problems such as urban traffic congestion, excessive energy consumption and ecological environment damage. Morrall and Bolger [2] analyzed the relationship between parking supply and public transit in downtown Canada, and the results showed, basically, that the smaller the parking space per employee, the larger the percentage of commuters who use public transit during rush hour. It showed that the parking supply in the central area of the city limited car using, and reasonable parking berth supply could lead car owners to change their way of travel to a certain extent. This research intends to discuss the main factors that lead car owners to give up driving due to parking constraints, drawing lessons from the existing theories and methods of travel behavior
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