The problem of student youth economic socialization: gender perspective

Abstract


 
 
 The article deals with the topical issue of personal and professional presentation of young women and men as subjects of their economic socialization. The analysis of the empirical research results of social and psychological determinants of young women and men economic self-presentation, as well as the results of a gender audit is done. A conceptual model of economic behavior of young people in the context of patriarchal / traditional and egalitarian / democratic coordinates is presented. The ambivalence of professional self-realization of young people, in particular, the orientation of girls to economic self-affirmation in the microeconomic environment, and boys - in the macro-society, as well as the commitment of both sexes to traditional gender stereotypes is revealed. The low level of material demands of women, including professional ones, is motivated by the socialized attitude to the financial supremacy of men. In psychological portraits of young men and women who present their professional potential, and hence the economic future, more similarities than differences are observed. Young women show a higher level of subjective general and personal locus of control in professional activities and psychological efforts to defend their beliefs.
 The social roles of men and women are still largely mediated by gender stereotypes, which guide the differentiation of their economic self-expression, predetermining the life scenarios declared by the student youth and vision of material commitments. However, the realities of the economic functioning of the genders have shaped the greater personal potential of women in the development of the traditionally masculine economic space, the trigger mechanism for which will dominate the patriarchal egalitarian ideas of personal professional self-presentation. A number of socio-psychological differences between the genders as a consequence of differentiation of their gender socialization should be taken into account in the process of education of economic culture and psychocorrection of professional skills, namely: young women do not concede to men in social, varieties of communicative competence and assertiveness in achieving professional goals.
 The development of a market economy aims to increase the inclusion of young people, especially women, in professional entrepreneurship, using the potential of positive psychology. Conducting gender audit as a practical tool in the implementation of quality monitoring of gender sensitivity-insensitivity of economic socialization allows to develop and implement innovative, egalitarian and educational technologies in higher education.