THE PROBLEM OF ECOLOGICAL RISK ZONES IN THE COASTAL AREAS OF THE CRIMEA

Abstract

Ensuring environmentally safe conditions for the use and development of coastal areas, which usually have a high level of urbanization, is an important engineering and socio-economic task, since it requires tak-ing into account environmental factors of natural and man-made environments when optimizing planning solutions for development and organization of activities. The work is devoted to the study and identification of areas of environmental risk in the current resort and recreational, residential and industrial areas, com-plex environmental conditions and prospects for the development of coastal areas of the Crimea (for exam-ple, recreational complexes of the southern coast of Crimea). When conducting research of problem areas, the structure of the drainage system, with an emphasis on stormwater, areas of municipal solid waste (MSW) and the impact of highways, has been studied in detail. Conducted researches allowed to establish for all in-vestigated water objects changes of water quality due to the flow of non-canalized domestic sewage, the storm sewers, sewage waters of individual small private enterprises, the unorganized surface drain during rains, a high recreational load on separate beaches. The highest level of pollution, including microbiological, coastal marine waters are observed when they are to several sources of pollution at the same time. Considered possi-ble measures to reduce or overcome negative processes in the environment. In order to improve the ecologi-cal condition and recreational value of coastal beaches, it is necessary to redistribute the flow of residents throughout the coastal zone, to solve the problems of water supply, sanitation of territories for the placement of solid waste and other waste, and to take preventive and technical measures for the protection of coastal recreational zones. The research results can be used in the development of projects for the reconstruction of the territory of coastal settlements of the southern coast of Crimea while ensuring environmental safety.