Abstract
The human exocrine pancreas consists of 2 main cell types: acinar and ductal cells. These exocrine cells interact closely to contribute to the secretion of pancreatic juice. The most important ion in terms of the pancreatic ductal secretion is HCO3. In fact, duct cells produce an alkaline fluid that may contain up to 140 mM NaHCO3, which is essential for normal digestion. This article provides an overview of the basics of pancreatic ductal physiology and pathophysiology. In the first part of the article, we discuss the ductal electrolyte and fluid transporters and their regulation. The central role of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is highlighted, which is much more than just a Cl channel. We also review the role of pancreatic ducts in severe debilitating diseases such as cystic fibrosis (caused by various genetic defects of cftr), pancreatitis, and diabetes mellitus. Stimulation of ductal secretion in cystic fibrosis and pancreatitis may have beneficial effects in their treatment.
Highlights
The human exocrine pancreas consists of 2 main cell types: acinar and ductal cells
It is without a doubt that the most important ion in terms of pancreatic ductal secretion is HCO3−
We have learned much in recent decades about the mechanism and regulation of pancreatic ductal HCO3− and fluid secretion, yet our knowledge is still incomplete
Summary
It was believed that the main function of PDECs is to ensure mechanical frame for acinar cells. SLC26A3 and SLC26A6 were localized to the apical membrane of human PDECs62,63 and are thought to have important roles in the mechanism of pancreatic ductal HCO3− secretion.[23,48,50] SLC26A3 was first identified as a candidate tumor suppressor gene (down-regulated in adenoma [DRA]),[65] which has Cl− transporter activity and is highly expressed at the luminal membrane of the intestinal epithelium. The restoration of AQP expression by gene transfer may be beneficial as this has already been demonstrated in case of radiation-induced salivary hypofunction.[108]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call