Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction As an essential component of the lacrimal functional unit, blink efficiency is an important contributor to tear film homeostasis. This review examines the potential for inefficient blinking to contribute to dry eye disease and computer vision syndromes as well as when reading hard copy materials, especially including proof reading, as well as other tasks that involve demanding visual performance and cognitive functions. Areas covered In addition to examining how blink inefficiency contributes to symptoms and signs of tear dysfunctions and computer vision syndromes, problems associated with different approaches to its remediation are discussed. Diagnosing blink inefficiency and prescribing remedial approaches for it are considered. Expert opinion Apart from lower blink rates, higher rates of incomplete blinks have been shown to be significant contributors to tear dysfunctions. Both may have adverse influences on the maintenance of a healthy ocular surface with associated symptoms and signs of ocular surface disease as well as visual disturbances. Remedial approaches which have the potential for adverse consequences need to be avoided. Increasing blink rates may not achieve a satisfactory remedial outcome and remedial approaches which also address the need to reduce incomplete blinking rates are frequently, if not routinely required.
Published Version
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