Abstract
Aim - to study the state of cellular immunity and cytokine profile at vibration disease due to exposure to local and general vibration, taking into account the severity of the disease. Assessing the role of immunological changes in the pathogenesis of vibration disease. Material and methods. The study involved 84 patients with various forms and severity of vibration disease due to exposure to local and general vibration. The control group included 30 people who did not have contact with occupational hazards at work and who were recognized as healthy according to a complete physical examination. Diagnosis was based on occupational history, sanitary characteristics of working conditions (work in contact with local or general vibration, the vibration levels excessing maximum acceptable level for more than 15 years), full clinical functional screening and instrumental examination of patients. Methods of immunological study included determination of subpopulations of lymphocytes, levels of cytokines IL-ф, IL-4, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-а) in serum by ELISA. Statistical processing of the data was performed using SPSS software package 21. Results. The study revealed a significant decrease in helper (CD4+) and suppressor (CD8+) subpopulations of lymphocytes, increase of concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-ф, IL-8, TNF-а; reduction in anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 in patients with vibration disease compared with the control group, regardless of the type of vibration, but more pronounced at the second degree of vibration disease due to general vibration. Revealed changes are indicative of the activation of inflammatory processes, violation of immunological reactivity, the presence of cytokine imbalance as the effect of exposure to occupational vibration. Conclusion. The study of the immunological profile (cellular link, cytokine profile) at vibration disease opens up prospects for rehabilitation and treatment of patients with this pathology, and also elaborates our knowledge of the pathogenesis of this disease.
Highlights
Цель — изучение состояния клеточного звена иммунитета и цитокинового профиля при вибрационной болезни от воздействия локальной и общей вибрации, в том числе в зависимости от степени тяжести заболевания
The study revealed a significant decrease in helper (CD4+) and suppressor (CD8+) subpopulations of lymphocytes, increase of concentration of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α; reduction in anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 in patients with vibration disease compared with the control group, regardless of the type of vibration, but more pronounced at the second degree of vibration disease due to general vibration
The study of the immunological profile at vibration disease opens up prospects for rehabilitation and treatment of patients with this pathology, and elaborates our knowledge of the pathogenesis of this disease
Summary
Цель — изучение состояния клеточного звена иммунитета и цитокинового профиля при вибрационной болезни от воздействия локальной и общей вибрации, в том числе в зависимости от степени тяжести заболевания. Обследовано 84 человека с различными формами и степенью тяжести вибрационной болезни от воздействия локальной и общей вибрации. В контрольную группу вошли 30 человек, не имевших в процессе работы контакта с профессиональными вредностями, признанные здоровыми по данным комплексного обследования. Диагноз устанавливался на основании данных профессионального анамнеза, санитарно-гигиенической характеристики условий труда (работа в контакте с локальной (или общей) вибрацией при уровнях, превышающих ПДУ свыше 15 лет, полного клинико-функционального и инструментального обследования больных. Методы иммунологического исследования включали определение субпопуляций лимфоцитов, уровней цитокинов ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-4, ИЛ-8, фактора некроза опухолей альфа (ФНО-α) в сыворотке крови иммуноферментным методом. Статистическую обработку полученных данных осуществляли с помощью пакета прикладных программ SPSS 21
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