Issues of cytokine regulation in vibration disease and associated conditions

Abstract

The article presents the data on the state of cytokine regulation and indicators of endothelial damage when exposed to industrial vibration (general or local) and in combination with arterial hypertension. Changes in the levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines are described, and biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in the combined course of vibration disease and arterial hypertension are investigated. The study of the cytokine profile and biomarkers of damage to the vascular endothelium in this pathology will allow making early diagnosis of vascular disorders and optimizing preventive measures for workers in vibration hazard industries. Purpose of the study. Improving the quality of early diagnosis and prevention of vibration dis ease in an isolated course and its combination with arterial hypertension based on a study of the cytokine profile and biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in this pathology. Material and research methods. A comprehensive study included 84 patients with vibration disease from the exposure to local and general vibration of the first and second degree, 61 patients with a combined course of vibration disease from the exposure to local and general second degree vibration and arterial hypertension, and 30 participants in the control group not exposed to industrial vibration and healthy according to medical examination. The levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4) and the biomark ers of endothelial damage (EDN1, TGF-β1, VEGF-A, PDGF-BB, fibronectin, and von Willebrand factor) were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Results. The response of the immune system to the effects of industrial vibration is characterized by a cytokine imbalance — an increase in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, TNFα) and a decrease in the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4). With a combined course of vibration disease and arterial hypertension, the cytokine imbalance is characterized by an even more significant increase in serum concentration of IL-1β, IL-8, TNFα and a decrease in serum IL-4 concentration. Endothelial dysfunction in vibration disease from the exposure to both local and general vibration in combination with arterial hypertension is characterized by a significant increase in the serum concentration of EDN1, TGF-β1, VEGF-A, PDGF-BB, fibronectin, and von Willebrand factor. Conclusion. The study of the cytokine profile and biomarkers of damage to the vascular endothelium in this pathology will allow making early diagnosis of vascular disorders and optimizing preventive measures for workers in vibration hazard industries.