THE PECULIARITIES OF A POLYCODE FICTION TEXT (on the material of A. K. Doyle’s works)

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the study of the ways of interaction of multicode elements of the polycode text of A. K. Doyle’s works belonging to different literary genres, namely, an adventure novel and a detective story. The article deals with semantic and formal structural connections between the nonverbal messages included in the text of A. K. Doyle’s works and the verbal text. The analysis of the literary texts indicates that almost all the nonverbal messages used by the author prove to be fragments of the referential space depicted in them. They are closely connected with the factual information, the theme of the writing and are combined with the verbal text by means of common fictional space. The research revealed that nonverbal messages can enter into autosemantic and synsemantic relations with the verbal text. Autosemantic relations take place if nonverbal messages are not fragments of the referential space depicted in the writing and are just accompanying the verbal text. In the texts with autosemantic relations there is a direct denotative correlation between nonverbal messages and the verbal text: they denote the same objects / objective situations. In case of synsemantic relations, the decoding of some elements of the verbal text depends entirely on the maps, pictures, cryptograms etc. included into it. In the studied works by A. K. Doyle, the content connection between the nonverbal messages and the verbal text is supported by language means. These means can correlate the nonverbal message with the verbal text directly (in which case an explicit cohesion is observed) or do it indirectly, implicitly (then an implicit cohesion takes place). The content connection between the nonverbal messages and the verbal text is expressed through metatextual references to the nonverbal messages and their elements in the main text, with the help of deixis, syntactic links within a sentence as well as with the author’s verbalized directives to the reader.