The pathogen bacteria distribution characteristics and related risk factors analysis in patients with nosocomial infection in urology department

Abstract

Objective To explore pathogen infection condition, pathogen bacteria distribution and their antibiotic resistance in patients with nosocomial infection in urology department, and to analyze risk factors of nosocomial infection. Methods A retrospective study of 549 cases from January 2016 to December 2016 in urology department in our hospital were performed. The occurrence of nosocomial infection, results of bacterial culture and susceptibility test and susceptible factors were recorded and analyzed. Results Two hundred and fourty nine patients were diagnosed with nosocomial infection, and the infection rate was 45.36%. In these 249 cases, the ratio of infection in urinary tract was the highest (132 cases, 53.01%), and the ratio of infection in blood was the lowest (10 cases, 4.02%). The other infected systems or organs included respiratory system (65 cases, 25.70%), surgical incision (24 cases, 9.64%), and digestion system (19 cases, 7.63%). The major pathogen bacteria isolated from patents’ samples was Escherichia coli (92 cases, 36.95%) and other bacterium included Klebsiella penumoniae (40 cases, 16.06%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (33 cases, 13.25%), Staphylococcus aureus (27 cases, 10.84%), Enterobacter aerogenes (15 cases, 6.02%) and so on. The results of bacterial susceptibility test on two major gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli and Kelbisella penumoniae) showed that the ratio of their resistance to cefoperazone, cefepime and amikacin was less than 20% and they were susceptible to imipenem and meropenem. Meanwhile, the result of bacterial susceptibility test on two gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) showed that they were susceptible to vacomycin, teicoplanin, and linezolid. Age more than 60 years (OR=1.947), hospital stay more than 7 days (OR=2.057), diabetes (OR=2.342) and indwelling catheter (OR=1.942) were independent risk factors of nosocomial infection. Conclusion Nosocomial infection often occurs in urinary tract in patients staying in urology department. Gram-negative bacterium such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella penumoniae were the major pathogen bacteria. Age, hospitalization time, indwelling catheter and complication with diabetes were independent risk factors of nosocomial infection. Key words: Urology department; Nosocomial infection; Pathogen bacteria; Risk factor