Abstract
The body has many mechanisms for maintaining homeostasis, including the ones that prevent immune responses directed against self. Autoimmune diseases occur as a result of a breakdown of tolerance to self, a process that is thought to require multiple hits including genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers. In this article, we will describe what autoimmunity is and how it might arise, focusing on both the immune cells and the target tissues involved. Current treatments and potential areas for intervention will also be discussed.
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