Abstract
Language has been the primary means of communication since the creation of mankind. Gesture communication of the first people and then language evolved along with civilization, forming languages through divisions such as geographical environment and political class. Language is a living organism being born anew, developing, and then dying, disappearing from the surface of the earth. As an argument, the Latin language can be mentioned, which plays a key historical role. Although it is a dead language, the languages separated from the Latin branch are a reflection of European languages today. The article examines the specific lexical meaning and etymology of some incorrectly translated words or words with different meaning used in Old Turkic runic written monuments. In addition, when considering the research material of the Old Turkic language, they were compared based on the materials of the Middle Turkic and modern Turkic languages. It is mainly compared with the lexical fund and grammar of the Kazakh language and is considered as the main connecting language. Key words: Orkhon-Yenisei, Turkic, runes, etymology, Kazakh language, translation, written monuments.
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