Abstract
The article presents the results of identification of fungal diseases among the trees and shrubs in Aktobe City (Kazakhstan). The most common diseases were powdery mildew, rust, spots, and leaf curl. Three species of fungal diseases were identified in genus Ulmus, two species – in genus Acer, four species in Populus, two species in genus Fraxinus, and the genera Salix, Rosa, Malus, Padus, and Crataegus had one fungi species each. The study revealed an uneven distribution of the identified fungal diseases. We determined that there were fewer types of fungal diseases in the gardens and parks than in the suburbs. We also registered a decrease in powdery mildew together with increase of the leave rust in urban environments. The regularity in reducing the number of fungal diseases toward the city center from periphery was defined.
Highlights
In the beginning of the XXI century, the humanity realized the importance of woody vegetation in urban area and began to consider it as a factor of environmental safety that ensures sustainable development of humankind (Civitello et al, 2015; Crooks, 2002; Fedorov, Poleschuk, 1981; Hantsch et al, 2014; Setiawan et al, 2014; Stenlid et al, 2011)
The aim of our research was to determine the fungal diseases in the parks and gardens of Aktobe City as the environmental indicators of urban system
When studying damage to tree and shrub foliage growing in Aktobe, we found that they are more common diseases that cause powdery mildew, rust and various spots (Fig. 9)
Summary
In the beginning of the XXI century, the humanity realized the importance of woody vegetation in urban area and began to consider it as a factor of environmental safety that ensures sustainable development of humankind (Civitello et al, 2015; Crooks, 2002; Fedorov, Poleschuk, 1981; Hantsch et al, 2014; Setiawan et al, 2014; Stenlid et al, 2011). Activation of important functions of woody plants depends on the intensity of growth of seedlings grown (Holdenrieder et al, 2004; Jactel et al, 2009; Keesing et al, 2006; Vacher et al, 2008), and it can be determined by abiotic and biotic factors. The aim of our research was to determine the fungal diseases in the parks and gardens of Aktobe City as the environmental indicators of urban system
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