Abstract
In this study, the mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of two walnut leaf insect pests, Gastrolina depressa depressa and G. depressa thoracica, were sequenced by Sanger sequencing technology. The mitogenome of G. depressa thoracica was complete at 16,109 bp in length, while the mitogenome of G. depressa depressa (14,277 bp) was partial. The genomic analyses indicated that both mitogenomes have the typical gene content and arrangement. The formerly identified elements, ‘TAGTA’ between trnSer(UCN) and nad2, and ‘ATGATAA’ between atp8 and atp6, were more conserved than that between nad4L and nad4, which was ‘ATGTTAA’ in Coleoptera excluding Polyphaga. Phylogenetic analyses of the 13 protein-coding genes from 36 coleopteran species well supported a close affinity between the subfamily Chrysomelinae including G. depressa thoracica and G. depressa depressa and Galerucinae, as well as a sister relationship of ((Eumolpinae + Cryptocephalinae) + Cassidinae) within Chrysomelidae.
Highlights
Both Gastrolina depressa thoracica and G. depressa depressa belong to Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) and are the major insect pests of walnut in China
In the mitogenome of G. depressa thoracica, there were four intergenic spacers, ranging from 1 bp to 17 bp, and the longest intergenic spacer was located between trnSer (AGN ) and nad1
In the mitogenomes of G. depressa thoracica and G. depressa depressa, the overall mitochondrial gene order and orientation were identical with some exceptions
Summary
Both Gastrolina depressa thoracica and G. depressa depressa belong to Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) and are the major insect pests of walnut in China. The larvae and adults feed on walnut leaves, and seriously influence walnut growth and yield. Compared with other species of Chrysomelinae in the boundary between Palaearctic and oriental regions, they have a typical flat back. G. depressa thoracica has a black prothorax, while G. depressa depressa has a yellow prothorax (Chen, 1974). Ge et al (2003) comprehensively compared the morphological differences and the distributions of G. depressa thoracica and G. depressa depressa. In China G. depressa depressa are widely distributed in most areas south of the Yellow River, while G. depressa thoracica live
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