THE MAIN FACTORS THAT COMPLICATING THE RESEARCH OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PARTICIPLES

Abstract

World languages have both similarities and differences. Languages differ from each other in terms of typology, i.e mainly in terms of morphological structure. Participle has dual character in both the English and Azerbaijani languages. Numerous scientific researches and studies have been involved in the study and research of participles in both Azerbaijani and English, and special sections have been devoted to participle in the grammar of both languages. Participles are sometimes referred to as verbs or adjectives, and sometimes as an independent part of speech. The fact that the participle has the properties of both the verb and the adjective has led to differences of opinion among prominent scholars. In our opinion, participles cannot be an independent part of speech. Because words belonging to the independent part of speech have the semantics of the part of speech and have a corresponding function in the sentence, but this feature does not exist in participles. Also the suffixes of words related to the part of speech are lexical-grammatical suffixes, but participle forming suffixes are only functional-grammatical suffixes. Semantically, the participle in these cases really realizes its adjective features; this does not mean, however, a transition to an adjective, otherwise we must recognize the semantic feature as decisive in the grammatical classification. In this position, the nominal properties of the participle and gerund are most clearly manifested; however, it should be noted that not all -ing forms can be opposed in this position. Apparently, it should be recognized that in their nominal properties the participle and gerund differ due to the different syntactic positions that they occupy in the sentence; they do not differ in their verbal properties. The paradigms of the first participle and the gerund do not differ formally. Therefore, it seems that the gerund and participle are a purely functional way of distinguishing between variants of the same form, depending on the syntactic positions they occupy. At the same time, it seems that L. S. Barkhudarov is right, considering that the preservation of the terms "gerund" and "participle" is quite permissible.