Abstract
BackgroundThe role of human papilloma virus (HPV) in oral lichen planus (OLP) is controversial.ObjectivesThe primary aim of the current study is to calculate the pooled risk estimates of HPV infection in OLP when compared with healthy controls.MethodsBibliographic searches were conducted in three electronic databases. Articles on the association between HPV and OLP were selected from case-control studies or cross-sectional studies, following predefined criteria. Pooled data were analyzed by calculating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsOf the 233 publications identified, 22 case-control studies met the inclusion criteria. Collectively, 835 cases and 734 controls were available for analysis. The summary estimate showed that OLP patients have significantly higher HPV prevalence (OR: 6.83; 95% CI: 4.15–11.27) than healthy controls. In subgroup analyses, the association of HPV and OLP varied significantly by geographic populations. The ORs ranged from 2.43 to 132.04. The correlation of HPV and erosive-atrophic oral lichen planus (EA-OLP) (OR: 9.34) was comparable and well above that of HPV and non-EA-OLP (OR: 4.32). Among HPV genotypes, HPV 16 showed an extremely strong association with OLP (OR: 11.27), and HPV 18 showed a relatively strong one (OR: 6.54).ConclusionIn conclusion, a significant association was found between HPV and OLP. The strength of the association varied across geographic populations, clinical types of OLP, and HPV genotypes. The results suggest that HPV might play an important causal role in OLP and in its malignant to progression.
Highlights
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic autoimmune disorder, which may present epithelial thickening or atrophy with or without ulceration [1]
The summary estimate showed that OLP patients have significantly higher human papilloma virus (HPV) prevalence (OR: 6.83; 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.15–11.27) than healthy controls
A significant association was found between HPV and OLP
Summary
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic autoimmune disorder, which may present epithelial thickening or atrophy with or without ulceration [1]. There are six different types: papule, reticular, plaque, atrophic, erosive and bullous. All types of OLP can be pooled in 2 clinical groups: erosive-atrophic forms (EA-OLP), including erosive, atrophic, bullous and mixed EA variants; and non-erosive-atrophic forms (non-EA-OLP), involved papule, reticular, plaque and mixed non-EA variants. EA-OLP is more prone to malignant transformation than non-EA-OLP [2]. The prevalence of HPV in OLP has been reported to range from 0.5 to 2.2%, varying according to geographic location [3]. The role of human papilloma virus (HPV) in oral lichen planus (OLP) is controversial. Editor: Craig Meyers, Penn State University School of Medicine, UNITED STATES
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