Abstract
The article discusses the latest trends and solutions used in the offers of rail vehicles manufacturers. The study is mainly concerned with the technical solutions used in hybrid rail vehicles, whose development has become one of the priorities for the development of rail vehicles in the European Union in recent years. Stricter emissions standards for harmful compounds in the European Union have forced manufacturers to use increasingly sophisticated technology, including hybrid drives and alternative fuels. The products and solutions offered by the major manufacturers on the market, along with their capabilities and future applications are described. The predicted trends in the development of propulsion technology for rail and road-rail vehicles are also indicated in view of the current legislative aspirations among the EU Member States.
Highlights
From the invention of rail transport and rail vehicles their drive systems have evolved the most of all modern forms of transport
The series hybrid drive is used in some rail vehicles, where it allows the engine to be stopped while the vehicle is stationary instead of leaving it idle
Electric drives are most commonly used in medium-power locomotives on connections where electric traction or catenary is available
Summary
From the invention of rail transport and rail vehicles their drive systems have evolved the most of all modern forms of transport. While the majority of rail vehicles are equipped with either electric drives or conventional high-power CI combustion engines attempts have been made to test the less obvious solutions in hopes of finding more modern alternatives. Continuous changes to the limits would require regular modifications and upgrades to the systems in use To meet these challenges, as well as to improve air quality and reduce emissions, a more complete solution would be to use electric drives, or in cases where the internal combustion engine is necessary, hybrid drives. The most modern types of hybrid drives can significantly reduce the harmful emissions from internal combustion engines, allowing them to operate in accordance with the described standards [5] An example of such a solution is the hybrid rail vehicle called "Evolution Hybrid" (Fig. 1), offered for purchase by General Electric. Apart from costs or emissions reduction, it is necessary to take into account the laws and technical
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