Abstract
Based on the principle of indistinguishability of identical particles, it is shown that the time-independent Liouville equation can account for the non-causal behavior of a many-particle system in thermostatic equilibrium. For a slowly evolving non-equilibrium system the condition for local equilibrium and the irreversible behavior of the system are established through an approximate solution of the time-dependent Liouville equation. The importance of temperature as the link between the equations of mechanics and thermodynamics is emphasized.
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