Abstract
The study was designed to determine the neutrophilic response of the rat uterus to different IUDs and to observe the effect of the ovarian hormones on the response. Copper, silk thread, and polyethylene devices were placed in the cervical half of one uterine horn of intact and castrate rats. More neutrophils were observed in the luminal fluid of the IUD horns than in that of the controls, and more were observed in the mated rats containing a copper or a silk thread IUD than in rats with a polyethylene device. Estrogen increased the number of neutrophils in the uterine fluid of rats with a copper or silk thread. Progesterone decreased the neutrophil count but only in the rats with the polyethylene device. Regardless of treatment, rats with the polyethylene IUD had the fewest neutrophils in the uterine tissue. Our data show that the composition of the foreign device was of prime importance in determining the neutrophilic response. Furthermore, the data demonstrate that the ovarian hormones modify the response but this was dependent upon the composition of the IUD. In order to evaluate the total effect of the IUD on the neutrophilic response, it is essential to consider the luminal and tissue neutrophils. The possibility that a critical number of neutrophils is essential for preventing implantation in IUD horns is considered.
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