Abstract
In order to maximize the productivity of forest species, techniques such as irrigation have been used. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water use efficiency and the influence of the irrigation located in the growth of the hybrids of eucalyptus Grancam and Urograndis at 65 months. The study was carried out in the experimental area of the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), in Aquidauana (state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil). The experimental design was randomized blocks with subdivided plots. The treatments used in the plots were two irrigation systems (microsprinkler and drip) and one control treatment with no irrigation (dryland), and in the subplots, the two hybrids of eucalyptus: Grancam (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus camaldulensis) and Urograndis (Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis), submitted to irrigation up to the 53° month after planting (MAP). The results were submitted to the analysis of variance and the Tukey test for means comparisons at 5% of probability. The use of irrigation in eucalyptus influences the productivity, providing increased wood volume, height of plants and diameter at breast height (DBH). The hybrid Grancam showed greater increase in height, and Urograndis increased in DBH. The higher efficiency of water use for the volumetric production of wood was observed in drip irrigation for the hybrid Grancam. The hybrid Urograndis is more efficient in the use of water for the volumetric production of wood regardless of the treatment.
Highlights
Brazil is the second country with the highest amount of planted forests in the world, which takes up about 7,840,000 hectares
The treatments employed in the plots were two irrigation systems and a control treatment without irrigation, and, in subplots, two hybrids of eucalyptus: Grancam, clone 1277 (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus camaldulensis) and Urograndis, clone I224 (Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis)
Bigger values had been observed for the treatments irrigated in 54o and 65o month after planting (MAP), being verified for this last month the biggest value for micro-sprinkler
Summary
Brazil is the second country with the highest amount of planted forests in the world, which takes up about 7,840,000 hectares. Among the plantations carried out in this area, about 5.7 million hectares (72.2%) are planted with Eucalyptus (IBÁ, 2017). According to the Brazilian Association of Planted Forest Producers (ABRAF, 2013), eucalyptus is the most used forest essence in reforestation programs in Brazil due to its rapid growth characteristics and good adaptation to the edaphoclimatic conditions existing in the country. According to Miranda et al (2015), the multiple uses of its wood is one of the causes of the preference for commercial plantations. Much of the cultivated area presents limitations regarding plant growth due to the low soil fertility and for being subjected to long periods
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