The Influence of Diet Containing Wheat Gluten Supplemented with Dipeptides or Amino Acids on the Morphology of White Muscle of Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens).

Maciej Kamaszewski,Teresa Ostaszewska,Agata Krawczyńska,Maciej Wójcik

doi:10.3390/ani10030388

Abstract

Nutrition affects the metabolism of muscle cells and myogenic progenitor cells which play a crucial role in the growth and development of the muscle tissue. Because of the fact that the development process of yellow perch muscle tissue is not well known, the study aimed to analyze the influence of diets containing wheat gluten and supplemented with Lys and Gly in dipeptides or free form. Fish were allocated into 12 tanks and divided into four groups. Two of the experimental diets were supplemented Lys-Gly in the dipeptide form (DP group) or free amino acids (FAA group). The third was not supplemented with lysine (LF group). The fourth group of fish was fed commercial starter Bio-Oregon (C group). Histological or histomorphometric analyses were conducted: white muscle area, the total number of muscle fibers, the total number of white muscle nuclei, muscle fiber area, number of proliferating myonuclei. Fish fed LF diet showed the lowest number of nuclei and satellite cells proliferation. Results in DP and FAA groups were similar to that observed in fish fed C diet. Summarizing, wheat gluten-based diets supplemented with Lys-Gly dipeptide or free Lys and Gly amino acids exert beneficial effects on the morphology of yellow perch white muscle.

Highlights

Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) is a native percid species specific to waters of North America.Like all other species of perch, yellow perch is a very desirable consumption and sport fish
The histological analysis conducted in the present study showed the positive effect of Free Lys and Gly Amino Acids (FAA) and DP diets on white muscle morphology, more precisely, on the diameter of white muscles and the number of the Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) positive myonuclei, which reflect the ability of muscle cells to proliferate
The results indicate that the rearing of predatory species such as yellow perch, with the use of formulated feed based on plant protein, is possible

Summary

Introduction

Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) is a native percid species specific to waters of North America. Like all other species of perch, yellow perch is a very desirable consumption and sport fish. The supply of perch meat does not meet the market demands, which is one of the reasons for the dynamical development of the percid aquaculture all over the world [1,2]. Due to the constant development of aquaculture, it seems necessary to look for alternative sources of protein that could be used in fish feed production. Plant proteins such as soybean meal or wheat gluten (WG) seem to be the basic source of protein [3]

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