The incidence of renal adverse reactions induced by cephalosporins

Abstract

Objective To study the occurrence of renal adverse reactions caused by cephalosporin antibiotics. Methods Reviewed 2000-2014 Chinese medicine literature database adverse reaction under the cephalosporin antibiotics kidney damage caused by the reports, and the results were retrospectively analyzed.One by one to find and examine relevant literature, for which complete data of 52 papers in 182 cases of statistical analysis. Results In due to the use of cephalosporins and renal damage in 158 patients in neonates and the elderly accounted for the highest proportion, respectively 26.58% and 22.78%.In addition, the statistical analysis found that the proportion of women(55.06%) was higher than men(44.94%), but the difference was not statistically significant(χ2=0.65, P>0.05). In the event of 158 patients with renal damage of adverse reactions to use of the third generation cephalosporins was most, accounted for 59.49%(94/158); The second was patients with first generation cephalosporin[(20.25%(32/158)]; The second generation box of the fourth generation cephalosporin use accounted for the smallest proportion, 13.92%(22/158), 6.33%(10/158). The statistical analysis showed that the third generation cephalosporin use ratio was significantly higher than that of the first generation, the second and the fourth generation, the differences were statistically significant(χ2=50.74, 70.61, 92.32, all P<0.05). Add up to of all cephalosporins involves 11, which lead to renal adverse reactions were the most three kinds of cephalosporins antibiotics were ceftazidime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, ceftriaxone, the three belong to the third generation cephalosporins.In 158 patients appeared in 132 cases of hematuria, accounted for 83.54%.The main clinical manifestations for the course of medication appeared visible to the naked eye hematuria, and few patients had pain in the waist or abdominal pain.In addition, there were 12 cases of acute renal failure accounted for 7.59%, including 7 cases of death.14 cases of patients with urinary retention occurred, which accounted for 8.86%.Among them, 8 patients for the use of cefazolin 2-4 days after appeared dysuria, all male, aged 45-75 years old, prompt discontinuation of the drug, after symptomatic treatment returned to normal.In addition, 6 patients had dysuria, abdominal distension and pain in the use of ceftezole and cefuroxime, after discontinuation of the drug, symptoms improved obviously. Conclusion The clinical use of head hold bacteria cephalosporins drugs, if indeed there is a sign to caution in the use of the drugs, for age, kidney function is not complete person should also reduce drugs or careful with these drugs.At the same time, we should according to the patients' condition and individual differences in selecting the right drugs, should not give with other nephrotoxic drugs such as non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, cyclosporine, and in the use process should closely monitor the blood concentration of patients and detect at any time in urine and kidney function change, and strive to achieve the rational use of the head hold bacteria carotenoid drugs. Key words: Cephalosporins; Kidney; Adverse drug reaction reporting systems