Abstract
Corruption, a pervasive and destructive phenomenon, has far-reaching implications for civil and political rights. This paper examines corruption’s legal effects on civil and political rights, focusing on the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) 1966. It also studies corruption and the ICCPR 1966 to highlight the challenges and legal solutions to fighting corruption while protecting civil and political rights. The conceptual framework explains corruption, civil and political rights, and the ICCPR 1966. Corruption, the abuse of power for personal gain, undermines the principles of the ICCPR 1966, such as freedom of expression, political participation, fair and impartial judiciary, and access to effective remedies. This study shows how corruption affects these rights and democratic institutions, public trust, and good governance. The instances of Brazil’s Operation Car Wash and Ukraine’s Euromaidan Movement serve as influential case studies, demonstrating the damaging impact of corruption on civil and political rights. Furthermore, this study analyzes legal strategies and outcomes in combating corruption. It emphasizes international cooperation, judicial transparency, preventative measures, and surveillance and prosecutorial capabilities. Operation Car Wash in Brazil and the Ukrainian anti-corruption reforms are effective anti-corruption and civil rights endeavors. The ICCPR 1966 and The United Nation Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) are also examined in the research. Regional and national instruments show the multi-layered strategy needed to fight corruption and preserve civil and political rights. This study’s findings provide policy suggestions for protecting political and civil liberties from the corrupt government. There is a call to action to improve legal frameworks, increase judicial independence and accountability, foster a culture of integrity and ethics, empower civil society and the media, guarantee effective remedies, and implement international instruments.
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