The Hungry Bob Fire &amp; Fire Surrogate Study: A 20-Year Evaluation of the Treatment Effects

George Mccaskill

doi:10.3390/f10010015

Abstract

The Hungry Bob fuels reduction project was part of a 12-site National Fire and Fire Surrogate (FFS) network of experiments conducted across the United States from the late 1990s through the early 2000s to determine the regional differences in applying alternative fuel-reduction treatments to forests. The Hungry Bob project focused on restoration treatments applied in low elevation, dry second-growth ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa subsp. ponderosa (Douglas ex C. Lawson) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii subsp. glauca (Beissn.) Franco forests of northeastern Oregon. Treatments included a single entry thin from below in 1998, a late season burn in 2000, a thin (1999) followed by burning (2000), and a no-treatment control. This paper represents results 20 years after treatments and focuses on the treatment effects upon tree diameter growth, crown health, and ladder fuel conditions within the dry eastside stands. The Thin + Burn units produced the best diameter growth in ponderosa pine trees, whereas the Thin units had the best growth for Douglas-fir. The Burn treatment did not improve diameter growth over the Controls. The Thin + Burn treatments also produced trees with the highest tree crown ratios. The Burn unit trees had lower crown ratios compared to the Control trees. The crown reduction (reduction in tree crown ratio since 2004) was largest in the Burn-only units and smallest in the Thin + Burn units. Finally, the heights to the lower tree crowns were highest in the Thin + Burn trees and lowest in the Burn unit trees. Based upon the 20-year responses, the Thin + Burn treatments produced the best conditions for stand growth, while limiting fire stress upon residual tree crowns. It also proved most effective at reducing ladder fuels as represented by higher tree crown heights.

Highlights

There are a number of reasons why fire-adapted forest ecosystems in the western United States have departed from their pre-settlement conditions
We found the forest stands within the Hungry Bob site to be dominated by second-growth ponderosa pine with a smaller component of Douglas-fir
The measured trees from the Burn units had significantly greater tree crown reductions than trees measured from the Control or the Thin + Burn units (Table 3)

Summary

Introduction

There are a number of reasons why fire-adapted forest ecosystems in the western United States have departed from their pre-settlement conditions. Aggressive fire suppression efforts, past livestock grazing, farm abandonment, and poor harvest prescriptions are some actions which have contributed to creating denser forests with greater numbers of small-diameter trees and heavier fuel loads [1,2,3] These forest conditions in dry eastside environments lead to a general deterioration of the integrity of forest ecosystems and a higher probability of large, high-severity, stand-replacing fires [4]. Lawson)) forests with historically short-interval, low-to-moderate severity fire regimes [5,6,7] Their associated species, starting with the most shade and competition intolerant, includes quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.), Douglas-fir

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Discussion

Conclusion