Abstract
Chromosomes 5A and 5D of wheat are important in determining the different responses of winter and spring varieties to vernalisation. Using single chromosome substitution lines in which chromosomes 5A and 5D of the variety Hope replace their homologues in the variety Chinese Spring, single genes having a large effect on the time to ear emergence were located distally on the long-arms of both chromosome 5A and 5D. The similar location of these genes on homoeologous chromosomes suggests that they are duplicate loci resulting from the polyploid nature of wheat. It is likely that the genes on chromosomes 5A and 5D are equivalent to Vrn1 and Vrn3 respectively, the genes for vernalisation requirement identified in other studies. Additional variation in the time to ear emergence was found in other substitution lines of chromosomes 5A and 5D. It is possible that this variation reflects multiple allelism at the Vrn1 and Vrn3 loci. Also, by comparing the ear-emergence times of these substitution lines with alien substitutions in which chromosome 5CU of Aegilops umbellulata replaces either chromosome 5A or 5D of Chinese Spring, it was possible to relate the effects of chromosome 5A to those of chromosome 5D.
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