The genesis of the transport system of Ukraine from the economic point of view

Abstract

The genesis of the infrastructure of the transport system of Ukraine and its reflection in the writings of economists of different periods of the history of Ukraine were studied. The dependence of the development of the transport system on economic factors is determined. On the basis of a retrospective analysis of the modern structure, the causes and consequences of its deformation are revealed and directions for the approval of innovative forms with the use of state regulation are characterized. It was determined that the reasons for the imbalance are multifaceted. Therefore, to eliminate it, a comprehensive approach is required, which involves the use of tools and other areas of regional socio-economic policy. In the Soviet period, the current issues of the development of transport industries were covered mainly from technocratic positions, an excessively ideological approach to the disclosure of the problems of transport development was characteristic, while at the same time a significant mass of factual material and statistical data was introduced into scientific circulation. The historical retrospective of economic thought shows the evolution of transport in general, as well as of its individual components - the material and technical base, the development of transportation, the construction of communication routes, etc., by types of transport. An analysis of both positive and negative phenomena that took place in the process of technical reconstruction of the material and technical base of transport and coordination of the work of interacting modes of transport is provided. On the basis of historiographical analysis, the main factors of the disintegration of the transport system and the impact on transport accessibility are identified and substantiated. The objective conditionality of state support for the development of transport infrastructure as a factor in the growth of the transport system and the economy has been proven. The compliance of the organization of the transport infrastructure with the principles of efficient management, which ensures their demand in the future of the economy, has been proven. Turning to historical experience and carrying out a historical-economic analysis of work on the modernization of vehicles, construction of communication routes and formation of transport infrastructure was carried out from the standpoint of assessing modern opportunities and ways to increase the efficiency of the functioning of the transport sector of the Ukrainian economy.