Abstract
BackgroundHow does the gap in preferences between married couples affect their happiness after childbirth? Are couples that share similar preferences happier? In recent years, gender, marriage, and happiness have been considered to be key issues in public health research. Although much research has examined the happiness status of married couples, practically no study has explored the gender gap in relation to happiness and the preferences of married couples after childbirth. Therefore, our study was conducted to assess the association between the preference gap and the happiness status among married couples in the afterbirth period.MethodsWe conducted a field experiment in rural communities in the Brong-Ahafo region of Ghana. Participants were 80 married couples who had experienced childbirth within 2 years prior to the survey. As preference indicators, we measured trust, reciprocity, altruism, and risk lovingness through an economic experiment. Then, we assessed how, for a couple, the gap between these preferences affected their happiness.ResultsWives’ happiness was positively associated with the absolute value of the gap in risk lovingness between a couple (OR = 4.83, p = 0.08), while husbands’ happiness was negatively associated with the gap in trust (OR = −3.58, p = 0.04) or altruism (OR = −3.33, p = 0.02). Within a couple, wives felt greater happiness than their husbands if there was a wider gap in trust (OR = 6.22, p = 0.01), reciprocity (OR = 2.80, p = 0.01), or risk lovingness (OR = 3.81, p = 0.07).ConclusionsThe gender gaps in the preference indicators were found to be closely associated with the happiness levels between married couples after childbirth. For the further improvement of maternal and child health, we must consider the gender gaps between couples in relation to happiness and preferences.
Highlights
How does the gap in preferences between married couples affect their happiness after childbirth? Are couples that share similar preferences happier? In recent years, gender, marriage, and happiness have been considered to be key issues in public health research
Risk aversion has been negatively associated with cigarette smoking, heavy drinking, and obesity in the USA [14] while in Spain, altruism, fairness, trust, and reciprocity have not been associated with high body mass index (BMI) [15]
We reported differences between wives and husbands in regard to preference indicators, happiness, and individual’s, couple’s, or husband’s characteristics that satisfied a statistical significance obtained through paired t tests (Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used for subjective well-being)
Summary
How does the gap in preferences between married couples affect their happiness after childbirth? Are couples that share similar preferences happier? In recent years, gender, marriage, and happiness have been considered to be key issues in public health research. Much research has examined the happiness status of married couples, practically no study has explored the gender gap in relation to happiness and the preferences of married couples after childbirth. Our study was conducted to assess the association between the preference gap and the happiness status among married couples in the afterbirth period. It is important to examine the happiness status of married couples, often measured by subjective well-being or life satisfaction, in the afterbirth period. A growing body of empirical research has examined the happiness status of married couples [11,12,13]. Risk aversion has been negatively associated with cigarette smoking, heavy drinking, and obesity in the USA [14] while in Spain, altruism, fairness, trust, and reciprocity have not been associated with high body mass index (BMI) [15]
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