The frequency of the main factors of cardiovascular risk and the presence of comorbidity in patients with chronic ischemic disease is the heart of the elderly and senile age

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to study the frequency of the main factors of cardiovascular risk (CWR) and the presence of comorbidity in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in elderly and senile age.
 Materials and methods. A retrospective assessment of the case histories of 454 patients with coronary artery disease who underwent inpatient treatment at the cardiology department of the State Institution «Dmitry F. Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» for the period from 1997-2017. All the examined patients were hospitalized for the first time and later were observed with the main diagnosis of IHD: stable angina of I–IV FC. The diagnosis of the underlying disease was established on the basis of general clinical examinations and special instrumental and laboratory methods in accordance with current recommendations for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease at the stage of examination of patients. Monitoring patients lasted from 5–20 years. Cardiovascular death was taken as the end point.
 Results. According to the data obtained in the elderly, the most common cardiovascular risk factors (CVR) are: arterial hypertension (AH), hypercholesterolemia (HChol), obesity, and diabetes mellitus (DM) are largely associated with the possibility of drug correction. In 70.2 % of IHD patients over 60 years old, a simultaneous combination of three or more CVR factors was detected.
 Conclusions. 1. The most common cardiovascular risk factors in IHD patients over 60 years old were hypertension (66.9 %), HChol (60.7 %), Obesity (23.9 %), and diabetes (14.3 %) are largely associated with the possibility of medical correction. 2. In the elderly, there is comparable data with the control group for the prevalence of the main factors of CVR. In older patients, the prevalence of smoking, obesity, and dyslipidemia was significantly lower than in the comparison groups. 3. In 70.2 % of IHD patients over 60 years old, a simultaneous combination of three or more RFs was revealed, which indicates the need for an active integrated approach to their correction at a younger age