Abstract
The study aimed at identifying the evolution of political participation of Jordanian women by monitoring their effective participation during the past decades in the State's legislative and executive authorities. It also aimed at tracing milestones taken towards women's quota law and motives that urge women to run for elections and factors that affect their winning. The study concluded that Jordan worked to include women's issues within the priorities for action and development. Jordanian women made great strides towards their appropriate roles in political life. Women were appointed deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Planning and International Cooperation, Minister of Culture, Minister of Social Development and others, but women were not entrusted with sovereign ministries. The percentage of women's representation in the House of Representatives developed rapidly, rising from (1.3%) in (1993) with one woman deputy to (12.0%) in (2013) after the amendment of the electoral law. The number of women Senators increased to nine in the council formed in (2013) which is an indication of the political leadership desire to support women's political participation. A progress has been made; nevertheless women's representation in the Parliament is still under the world average (22%). Women got satisfactory results in the (2013) municipal elections by winning (29%) of the seats. The total number of women judges in (2012) was (250) judges. The study pointed out factors that helped women gain seats in the House of Representatives such as: (Women's quota), tribal support, woman's strong personality and previous experiences.
Highlights
The world has witnessed in recent decades a growing interest in women's rights and status in society
The study indicated that there were personal and cultural factors which affected women's winning in the parliamentary elections such as women's strength of character, self-confidence and enjoyment of significant political knowledge
The municipal elections were held on the basis of Law no. (14) of (2007) which includes granting women a share of seats in the municipal councils, not less than (20%) of the number of seats, in addition to the seats won by women candidates through direct competition
Summary
The world has witnessed in recent decades a growing interest in women's rights and status in society. They did not bring women to the desired level in most countries of the world, they led to promotion of scientific studies and research that assess women's status in each country, in all fields and sectors and pointed out obstacles facing women This movement contributed to women's awareness of their reality and rights and urged the organization of institutional women's action, albeit to varying degrees, from one country to another. The legislation might include the right of nomination and election and yet these paragraphs remain unapplied in whole or in part Some of these factors are related to cultural patterns which devote stereotypes of women and their role in society, supported by misconceptions about the position of religion regarding women. To identify women’s quota and its role in women’s empowerment in political life
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