Abstract
This article reviews and analyses factors impacting the evolution of the internet, the web, and social media channels, charting historic trends and highlight recent technological developments. The review comprised a deep search using electronic journal databases. Articles were chosen according to specific criteria with a group of 34 papers and books selected for complete reading and deep analysis. The 34 elements were analysed and processed using NVIVO 12 Pro, enabling the creation of dimensions and categories, codes and nodes, identifying the most frequent words, cluster analysis of the terms, and creating a word cloud based on each word's frequency. The review presents updated information about technological trends, marketing, and chronological elements regarding the evolution of the internet and social media.
Highlights
Globalisation is not a recent phenomenon as it emerged during the 19th century as a result of the British industrial revolution that impacted global trade [1]
The primary purpose of this paper is to provide objective and coherent information about the evolution of the internet and social media, mainly due to the lack of literature integrating the history of the internet, the web and social media channels with new trends such as globalisation 4.0
The insights discussed and outlined here can enrich research projects and be used as a guide to explore important elements concerning the evolution of the internet from a chronological point of view and discussions about the transition of channels towards reaching the popular social media networks
Summary
Globalisation is not a recent phenomenon as it emerged during the 19th century as a result of the British industrial revolution that impacted global trade [1]. The world has faced many globalisation waves across several centuries. The most recent wave, known as Globalisation 4.0, is defined as "a means to comprehend how profoundly the context for governance and cooperation is changing due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution" [2], [3]. This new wave is shaped by the digital and technological innovations that directly impact our daily lives, changing our habits, attitudes and even shaping our culture. This revolution originated from the merging of digital, physical, and biological transformations impacting modern society directly and intensely [3], [5]
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