Abstract
Genotype x environment (GxE) interaction and yield-stability analysis is an imperative in measuring varietal stability and suitability for cultivation over seasons and ecological zones. Developing high performing and stable genotypes across different locations is of most importance to plant breeders. This study was conducted using 84 hybrid lines to identify the most stable and high yielding genotypes. To gain these objective, multiple-environmental trials (MET) was undertaken annually across locations. AMMI model has shown that the largest proportion of the total variation in grain yield was attributed to environments and somehow to genotypes. GGE bi-plot analysis also visualized the winner genotype at each area and to identify high yielding and stable genotypes. The genotype with the high yield in SR is G66, and in KB G27, G10, G79, in SH G25, G78, G86 and G68 while, in SR the best genotypes is G66. The other vertex genotypes (G1, G32, G51, 71 and G26 are poorest in all environments. Environments, AM and SH exerted strong interaction forces while the rest two did less. On the other hand, the genotypes near the origin are not sensitive to environmental interaction and those distant from the origins are sensitive and have large interaction. Hence, G1, G5, G66, G71, G18, G10 and G25 had more responsive since they were far away from the origin whereas the genotypes G54, G29, G23, G4, G9, G5, G43, G13 and G7 were close to the origin and hence they were less sensitive to environmental interactive forces while genotypes G38, G11, G45 and G76 were the most closest to the origin and hence had almost no interaction forces. Generally, G74 can be recommended for specific adaptation whereas G2 and G16 relatively for broader adaptation. Keywords: AMMI; GEI; genotype; environment; model; stability , GGE biplot DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/13-5-04 Publication date: March 31 st 2021
Highlights
Sorghum [(Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench)] is a tropical plant belonging to the Poaceae family, and is one of the most important cereal crops in the world (Anglani, 1998)
The MMI analysis of variance for grain yield of 84 sorghum genotypes evaluated across four environments revealed that the main effects of genotypes (G) and environments (E) accounted for 16.0% and 62.5 % of the treatment sum of squares, respectively
The analysis showed that variations due to genotype (G), environment (E) and genotype by environment (G x E) were significant (P < 0.001)
Summary
Sorghum [(Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench)] is a tropical plant belonging to the Poaceae family, and is one of the most important cereal crops in the world (Anglani, 1998). Sorghum is the world’s fifth most important staple food crop after wheat, rice, maize and barley and the fourth most important cereal crop in Africa next to maize, millet and rice (Mesfin, 2016). The world sorghum production is estimated to be 62.3 million tons per year from 42.1 million hectares of land and more than 70% of the cultivated lands are found in Africa and India (USDA, 2017). The average productivity of sorghum in Africa is around 1.62t/ha and the total production area is 26.14 million hectares (USDA, 2017)
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