Abstract
Selection of the most high-yielding and stable cultivars across environments are difficult because of the complex nature of genotype × environment interactions (G x E interaction). The study was conducted with the objectives to determine the G x E interaction of tef genotypes and to identify tef genotypes with high stability for grain yield using GGE biplot analysis. In the present study, 12 advanced tef genotypes and one standard check were evaluated at Holetta and Ginchi in 2014 and 2015 and at Adadi in 2014. Combined analysis of variance revealed the existence of significant G x E interaction for tef grain yield. Genotype, environment and G x E interaction explained 6.70 %, 81.03 % and 12.27 % of the variation in grain yield, respectively. The GGE model showed that the first and second principal component axis accounted for 43.2 % and 29.5 % of variability, respectively. The pattern of G x E interaction was a crossover type as revealed by differential yield ranking of the genotypes across environments. Genotype G4 (RIL- 77C) was both high yielding and stable across the test environments and could be considered as desirable genotype recommended for release as variety. The test environment E3 (Adadi-2014) was identified to be the most discriminating and representative environment to evaluate tef genotypes. Keywords: Tef, GGE biplot, stability, genotype x environment interaction. DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/10-21-05 Publication date: November 30 th 2020
Highlights
Tef, Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter is the major staple cereal of Ethiopia
The production of tef in Ethiopia has increased from 1.74 million metric tons to 5.28 million metric tons in between in 2000/01 to 2017/18 at an estimated rate of 7.97 % per annum per annum whereas tef productivity has increased by 5.06% per annum during the same period to reach the current yield level of 1.73 tons/ha (Solomon et al, 2019)
Materials and Methods 2.1 Experimental sites and materials Thirteen tef genotypes consisting of 12 advanced tef genotypes and one standard check (DZ-01-99) obtained from Debrezeit agricultural research center were evaluated at Holetta and Ginchi (2200 masl, 09°30"N, 38°30"E) during 2014 and 2015 main production seasons and in Adadi (2383 masl, 08°31"N, 38°13"E) during the 2014 main cropping season, which are located in the central highlands of Ethiopia
Summary
Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter is the major staple cereal of Ethiopia It is cultivated annually on more than three million hectares of land by over six million smallholder farmers, accounting one-third of the total cereal acreage (Kebebew et al, 2015). Currently tef has been gaining global popularity as health food because of tef is gluten-free, which is suitable for peoples suffering from gluten protein allergy known as celiac disease (Spaenij-Dekkingetal., 2005) and many other health-related benefits. Ethiopia is both the origin and center of diversity for tef (Vavilov, 1951). The genus Eragrostis constitutes about 350 species of which only tef is cultivated for human consumption (Watson and Dallwitz, 1992)
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