The effects of using Nd:YAG laser on the surface modification and cell adhesion/spreading on zirconia discs: An in vitro study

Abstract

• Nd:YAG laser is a promising alternative to modify zirconia surface. • Surface showed linear depressions arranged in parallel, and increased hydrophilicity after laser treatment. • Adhesion and extension of epithelia cells was improved. • Gene expressions of integrin a4, β6 and laminin-5 were enhanced. A compact seal between junctional epithelium and abutment surface of dental implant is necessary to prevent bacterial invasion and soft tissue recession, which is instrumental in implant long-term success. Recent studies have proved that laser can improve the surface hydrophilicity of zirconia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zirconia surface modified by Nd:YAG laser on adhesion and spreading of junctional epithelial cells. The results demonstrated that the surface of zirconia treated by Nd:YAG laser showed linear hollows with the same trend and different depths. Compare with the control group, the surface roughness and hydrophilicity of zirconia increased after treatment. Meanwhile, the cell adhesion was increased and the cell extension was more sufficient. The relative gene expressions of integrin a4, β6 and laminin-5 were enhanced in the Nd:YAG laser group. These results suggest that zirconia abutment surface modified by Nd:YAG laser can promote the adhesion and spreading of junctional epithelial cells, and is conducive to the formation of tight seal between implant and soft tissue, which is positive for the improvement of clinical implant success.