Abstract
This study evaluated the degree to which the existence of and the application of various leadership styles and qualities impacts organizational success in public health institutions in the Bono and Ahafo region of Ghana. A cross-sectional research design with quantitative approach was used for this study. A total population of 700 junior and middle-level staff was considered out of which 281 were initially sampled via Slovin’s sample formula and used for the study. 240 copies of the questionnaires were finally received and were used in the data analysis. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire developed by modifying the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire MLQ of Bass and Avolio. Cronbach alpha was used to test the research instruments for reliability and to determine the internal consistency. An expert judgment method was employed to determine content validity. One sample t-test and a non-parametric test were conducted on the hypotheses. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to establish the degree of relationship between the dependent variable and independent variables while general regression was used to determine how the independent variables affect the dependent variable. Significance level as pegged at p =0.05. Data analysis was done with SPSS. Pearson’s correlation techniques were adopted and used to analyze the data at a 5% level of significance. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present the results of the study and the findings and recommendations offered based on existing literature and field data. The results of the study showed that of all leadership styles, the existence of and the application of transformational and democratic (ethical) leadership qualities and organizational performance and success have a strong positive and significant correlation. The study concluded that although all leadership styles are critical success factors that can bring about radical positive changes in employees and health facilities, emphasis must be on transformational or ethical (democratic), or the combined effect of the two at the same time if much success is to be achieved. The study recommended that management at all levels within the health sector must endorse transformational and democratic leadership styles, offer good organizational development plans, and ensure stronger teamwork with sustained positive mindsets and interests among their employees to harness their full potential for maximum organizational performance and success.
Published Version
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