Abstract
Long-term hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be considered for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women [1–3]. This cardioprotective effect has been attributed to several alterations which occur during HRT, such as changes in lipid profile, carbohydrate metabolism, hemostatic balance, endothelial function, and rate of development of coronary atherosclerosis [4,5]. Calcium channel blocking effect was also suggested as one of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms related to the action of estrogens [6]. In principle, such property could be manifested by changes in heart rate and in the function of the conduction system. Herein, we report on antiarrhythmic and rate control effects of estradiol in human atrial strips.
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