Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to review the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) in postmenopausal women. Discussion of the various mechanisms responsible for the development of CVD in postmenopausal women is included. Such mechanisms include lipid plasma levels, systemic arterial compliance (SAC), endothelium dependent vasodilation (EDD), and coagulation factors [specifically fibrinogen levels and circulation cellular adhesion molecules (cCAMs) in CVD patients]. The role of HRT including estrogen only therapy and estrogen plus progestin therapy (including medroxyprogesterone acetate, norethisterone, and micronized progesterone) affecting CVD and each of the above mechanisms will be addressed based upon 4 key studies.
Published Version
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