The effective potential in nonconformal gauge theories

Abstract

By using the renormalization group (RG) equation it has proved possible to sum logarithmic corrections to quantities that arise due to quantum effects in field theories. In particular, the effective potential [Formula: see text] in the Standard Model in the limit that there are no massive parameters in the classical action (the “conformal limit”) has been subject to this analysis, as has the effective potential in a scalar theory with a quartic self-coupling and in massless scalar electrodynamics. Having multiple coupling constants and/or mass parameters in the initial action complicates this analysis, as then several mass scales arise. We show how to address this problem by considering the effective potential in a Yukawa model when the scalar field has a tree-level mass term. In addition to summing logarithmic corrections by using the RG equation, we also consider the consequences of the condition [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the vacuum expectation value of the scalar. If [Formula: see text] is expanded in powers of logarithms that arise, then it proves possible to show that either [Formula: see text] is zero or that [Formula: see text] is independent of the scalar. (That is, either there is no spontaneous symmetry breaking or the vacuum expectation value is not determined by minimizing [Formula: see text] as [Formula: see text] is “flat”.)