Abstract
The sum of radial and circumferential stresses was found photoelastically by sighting along the axis of the cylindrical glass-metal seal. Their variation with temperature was measured. The theoretical temperature dependence of the stresses on differential thermal expansion was verified experimentally. Radial tension was decreased, and circumferential tension increased when certain seals were heated somewhat below the glass annealing range; this was due to growth of oxide on the metal, e.g. tungsten. Most seals were unaffected in the humidity chamber; certain types, notably alkali-borosilicate to tungsten (oxide-yellow) seals, however, showed irregular and striking stress reduction after a few hours.
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