Abstract
Objective of this research wasto determine the effect of sire breed, genotype of the animal, farm and year on traits of performance tested gilts: age at the end of test (AET), life daily gain (LDG), fat thickenss 1 and 2 (FTL1 and FTL2) and depth of back muscle (MLD). Research included three farms during four consecutive years, and total of 4274 gilts were tested which derivied from 52 boar sires. Sires were pure breeds: Swedish landrace (SL, n=14), Large Yorkshire (LY, n=29), Pietrain (P, n=6) and Durroc (D, n=3), and their daughters belonged to following genotypes: Swedish landrace, large Yorkshire, Pietrain, Duroc, F1 crosses LY?SL, SL?LY and D?SL. It was established that sire breed, genotype of gilts and year had statistically significant (P<0,01 and P<0,001) effect on all traits, only the effect of the farm on depth of MLD (P>0,05) wasn?t registered. Sires within the breed had no effect on depth of MLD (P>0,05), where in case of sires within the Pietrain breed no effect on traits AET, FTL1 and FTL2 were observed and in case of sires within Duroc breed on AET, and for other traits the effect (P<0,05 and P<0,001) of sires within the breed was determined. All traits of gilts depended statistically highly significantly (P<0,001) on body mass at the end of the test, except depth of back muscle.
Highlights
Programs of improvement of production characteristics which are applied today in pig production mainly consist of selection of best breeds, recommendations for adequate combinations of breeds in crossing and continuous improvement of production characteristics of pure breeds by using breeding animals of superior breeding value (Mijatović et al, 2005)
In the research by Petrović et al (1991), it was established that production traits of performance tested gilts vary under the influence of sires, year and season, whereas Petrović et al (1999) have established that sire, genotype of gilts and year statistically significantly influence the expression of all tested traits
Obtained results that production traits of performance tested gilts vary under th influence of sires, genotype and years, are in concordance with results obtained by Petrović et al (1991; 1999)
Summary
Programs of improvement of production characteristics which are applied today in pig production mainly consist of selection of best breeds, recommendations for adequate combinations of breeds in crossing and continuous improvement of production characteristics of pure breeds by using breeding animals of superior breeding value (Mijatović et al, 2005). Mathematical-statistical methods are used which combine information on descendants, relatives, own production and offspring in order to evaluate as accuratley as possible the breeding value of pigs (Petrović, 2000). Performance test represents important selection measure in pig production. Selection based on results of performance tests leads to improvement of economically important traits (life gain, back fat thickness, depth of back muscle), by 2-3% per year (Schinkel, A.P., Bennett G., 1999, citirali Popov et al, 2006). Jukna et al (2009) have stated that it is important to establish what are the best combinations of parents for breeding, since this can ensure significantly higher production and quality of pork in the country. Content of intra-muscular fat is very important in regard to expression of typical properties of pig meat, such as succulence, taste, tenderness, etc
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