The effect of pesticides and metals on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in various tissues of blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus L.) in short-term in vivo exposures at different temperatures

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of short-term exposure to selected toxicants as well as metal accumulation upon acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the blue mussel, Mytilus trossulus L., in laboratory in vivo experiments. Mussels were exposed for up to 48 hours to a mixture of copper (Cu2 +, 400 μ g L−1) and cadmium (Cd2 +, 200 μ g L−1), to dichlorvos (DDVP, 100 μ g L−1), and to carbaryl (100 μ g L−1) at two temperatures: 5°C and 20°C. Samples were collected after 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours of exposure, and AChE activity and metal concentration (where applicable) were analysed in gills, digestive gland, mantle+muscles, and the whole soft tissue. Very strong AChE inhibition was observed in response to the dichlorvos treatment, mainly in gills. Carbaryl and the metals caused a short-term inhibition effect. Considerable differences in AChE activity between the two temperatures were noticed. In particular, the metals were accumulated much faster at 20°C than at 5°C, especially in gills. No correlation between AChE activity and metal concentration was found. Gills turned out to be the optimal tissue for AChE activity analysis in short-term studies.