The Effect of Intra-Articular Corticosteroid with Nsaid and Therapeutic Exercise in the Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial in Tertiary Level Hospital in Bangladesh

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Background: Frozen shoulder or adhesive capsulitis is a moderately common musculoskeletal disorder that arises after soft tissue involvement of the glenohumeral joint and manifests as shoulder discomfort and limits of active and passive mobility. Local injections of glucocorticoids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and physiotherapy may all alleviate the symptoms. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of glenohumeral injections of Glucocorticoid in conjunction with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and therapeutic exercise in the treatment of adhesive capsulitis. Method: Randomization was used to assign 68 patients with primary adhesive capsulitis in the freezing stage to intra-articular injections of triamcinolone acetonide 80 mg and oral NSAIDs and therapeutic exercise. The abridged Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick DASH) score for function was used to record clinical outcomes at baseline and after 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Statistical Analysis: Using the Student t test or the chi-square test, correlations between baseline demographic and clinical variables between the two therapy groups were evaluated. Using mixed-effect models with random patient effects, we estimated changes in the mean functional and ROM outcomes (1) between follow-up and baseline measures within each group and (2) between the 2 groups at each time point. Using SPSS 23, the analysis was conducted on patients with full data at all follow-up assessments. A P value <0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Result: Female in both the group were prevalent than the male group. In terms of mean age and distribution of sex, shoulder dominance, duration of symptoms, diabetes mellitus, and hypothyroidism, there were no significant differences between the two groups based on demographic data and possible risk factors at baseline. Until week 8, there were substantial differences in favor of the intervention group (week 2 and 4, P .001; ...