Abstract
The effect of hydrotropes on the solubility and mass transfer coefficient of 2-nitrobenzoic acid A comprehensive investigation on the solubility and mass transfer coefficient enhancement of 2-nitrobenzoic acid through hydrotropy, has been undertaken. The solubility and mass transfer coefficient studies were carried out using hydrotropes such as sodium acetate, citric acid and nicotinamide under a wide range of hydrotrope concentrations (0 to 3.0 mol/L) and different system temperatures (303 to 333 K). It was found that the solubility and mass transfer coefficient of 2-nitrobenzoic acid increases with an increase in hydrotrope concentration and also with system temperature. All hydrotropes used in this work showed an enhancement in the solubility and mass transfer coefficient to different degrees. The maximum enhancement factor value has been determined for both the solubility and mass transfer coefficient. The effectiveness of hydrotropes was measured in terms of Setschnew constant Ks and reported for all the hydrotropes used in this study.
Highlights
Hydrotropy is a unique and unprecedented solubilization technique in which certain chemical compounds termed as hydrotropes can be used to affect a several fold increase in the solubility of sparingly soluble solutes under normal conditions[1]
It has been observed that the solubility of 2nitrobenzoic acid in water increases significantly only after the addition of 0.30 mol/L of sodium acetate in the aqueous solution
The solubility of 2-nitrobenzoic acid, which is practically insoluble in water, has been increased to a maximum of 20.12 times in the presence of sodium acetate as hydrotrope with a corresponding increase in the mass transfer coefficient
Summary
Hydrotropy is a unique and unprecedented solubilization technique in which certain chemical compounds termed as hydrotropes can be used to affect a several fold increase in the solubility of sparingly soluble solutes under normal conditions[1]. This increase in solubility in water is probably due to the formation of organized assemblies of hydrotrope molecules at critical concentrations[2, 3]. The experimental setup for the determination of the mass transfer coefficient consisted of a vessel provided with baffles and a turbine impeller run by a motor to agitate the mixture. The concentration of the solubilized organic acid in aqueous hydrotrope solutions at time t was analyzed in the same way as for the solubility determinations.
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