Abstract
Avocado tree usually planted by people of Indonesia in rural are small in scale. Mostly, in the modern and high scale industry especially company has a large avocado farm the extraction of avocado oil is extracted through vacuum drying in low temperature. However, in rural area avocado tree spread out in small number of tree, so it needs alternative method of avocado oil extraction. In this experiment, wet method of avocado extraction was applied similar to traditional extraction of coconut oil in rural area. Avocado meat was added some water and 0.05% of phosphate acid then homogenization pressure of 7 kg/cm<sup>2</sup>, 71 kg/cm<sup>2</sup> and 176 kg/cm<sup>2</sup>, then heated at 100oC until the emulsion of water-oil broken down and avocado oil, then, can be separated. Yield and characteristics of avocado oil were determined. The results showed when homogenization pressures increased from 7 kg/cm<sup>2</sup> to 71 kg/cm<sup>2</sup>, the yield, Iodine value and Free fatty Acid of avocado oil were also increased, however, when homogenization pressures increased from 71 kg/cm<sup>2</sup> to 176 kg/cm<sup>2</sup> (p>0.05) there were no significant increased of Yield, Iodine value and Free Fatty Acid of avocado oil.
Highlights
Avocado (Perseaamericana Mill.) is originally from Latin America
Yields: The data (Table 3) showed that the increased of homogenization pressure from 7 kg/cm2 to 71 kg/cm2, the yield increased from 21.4 to 22.8% (p
There was no significant increased of yield when homogenization pressure applied from 71 kg/cm2 to 176 kg/cm2 (p>0.05)
Summary
Avocado (Perseaamericana Mill.) is originally from Latin America. It is unusually high on oil, especially in its pulp. Avocado oil is important high-oleic oil, making it as very good dietary cooking and salad oil It is generally consumed in an unrefined state and retains all of the natural unsaponifiable material, including valuable antioxidants. Due to its relatively high yield, avocado oil can be obtained by cold pressing the fruit pulp. This method is the most economical way to extract the oil. The solvent has to be removed after extraction because its toxicity and odor Another way to recover oil from the pulp is using centrifugation, but it is very expensive in small and medium scale, regarding amount of energy used to power the process (Swisher, 1988).
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