The Effect of Diazinon on Haematological Indices of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

M Svoboda,V Žlábek,V Lusková,J Drastichová

doi:10.2754/avb200170040457

Abstract

Svoboda M., V. Luskova, J. Drastichova, V. Ilabek: The Effect of Diazinon on Haematological Indices of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L). Acta Vet. Brno 2001, 70: 457-465. The goal was to assess an effect of diazinon [0,0-diethyl 0-(2-isopropyl-6-methylpyrimidin-4yl) phosphorothioate] on common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). The effect was assessed based on results of acute toxicity tests and on a comparison of results of haematological examination of a control and an experimental group exposed to Basudin 600 EW pesticide preparation (active substance 600 g.l -1 of diazinon). The acute toxicity test lasting 96 h was performed semistatically on common carp juveniles. Examination of erythrocyte and leukocyte profile was performed on 15 control and 25 experimental specimens of one-to-two-year-old common carp after 96 h of exposure to Basudin 600 EW in concentration of 32.5 mg.l -1 . The 96hLC50 value of Basudin 600 EW for common carp juveniles was 26.7 mg.l-1. The experimental group of one- to two-year-old common carp showed significantly lower values (p < 0.01) of erythrocyte count (RBC), haemoglobin content (Hb) and haematocrit (PCV) compared to the control group. Values of MCV, MCH and MCHC were comparable in both groups during the study. In contrary, there was a significant decrease in leukocyte count (Leuko) (p < 0.01), as well as in both the relative and absolute lymphocyte count (p < 0.01) and a significant increase in both the relative and absolute count of developmental forms of neutrophile granulocytes: myelocytes (p < 0.01) and metamyelocytes (p < 0.05) in the experimental group. Relative and absolute count of monocytes and both the band- and segmented neutrophile granulocytes was comparable in both groups during the study. The diazinon-based Basudin 600 EW pesticide preparation was classified among harmful substances for fish. Changes in values of both the erythrocyte and leukocyte profile after exposure to diazinon-based preparation may be refered to disruption of haematopoiesis as well as to a decrease on non-specific immunity of the fish.

Highlights

Organophosphorous pesticides have fully replaced the persistant chlorinated pesticides in the 1970’s and on the beginning of 1980’s
The effect was assessed based on results of acute toxicity tests and on a comparison of results of haematological examination of a control and an experimental group exposed to Basudin 600 EW pesticide preparation
Examination of erythrocyte and leukocyte profile was performed on 15 control and 25 experimental specimens of one-to-two-year-old common carp after 96 h of exposure to Basudin 600 EW in concentration of 32.5 mg.l-1

Summary

Introduction

Organophosphorous pesticides have fully replaced the persistant chlorinated pesticides in the 1970’s and on the beginning of 1980’s. The organophosphorous pesticides have been replacing by pyrethroid-based pesticides within the last 10–15 years, there is still a very intensive utilization of organophosphates. Organophosphorous pesticides are utilized in fish culture (mainly those based on dichlorvos and trichlorfon) in order to suppress some parasitary diseases such as monogeneoses and arthropodoses (Noga 1995; Schlotfeldt and Alderman 1995; âí tek et al 1998; Navrátil et al 2000). The mechanism of a toxic effect of diazinon is the same as of other organophosphorous substances. There are differences in the acute toxicity of diazinon for various fish species. The different toxicity of diazinon may be demonstrated on the example of two fish species used for ecotoxicological assessment of chemical substances. O h et al (1991) present three factors causing the selective toxicity of diazinon for various fish species: different inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, different detoxification and absorption

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